{"id":597,"date":"2023-11-08T12:45:39","date_gmt":"2023-11-08T12:45:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gulsahmutlu.av.tr\/?p=597"},"modified":"2026-10-01T10:04:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T07:04:45","slug":"suc-islemek-amaciyla-orgut-kurma-sucu-ve-cezasi-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gulsahmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/11\/08\/suc-islemek-amaciyla-orgut-kurma-sucu-ve-cezasi-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015flemek Amac\u0131yla \u00d6rg\u00fct Kurma (TCK 220): Kim Hangi Cezay\u0131 Al\u0131r, Ma\u011fdur Ne Yapabilir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

G\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme:

Kanun koyucu, su\u00e7 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma fiilini, ortada hen\u00fcz tamamlanm\u0131\u015f bir h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k ya da doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k bulunmasa bile ayr\u0131ca cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. Gerek\u00e7e basittir: birden fazla ki\u015finin kal\u0131c\u0131 bir yap\u0131 i\u00e7inde, su\u00e7 i\u015fleme niyetiyle bir araya gelmesi kamu bar\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in kendi ba\u015f\u0131na tehlike say\u0131l\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da konuyu \u00fc\u00e7 taraftan ele al\u0131yoruz: \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn zarar verdi\u011fi ki\u015fi, \u00f6rg\u00fcte bir bi\u00e7imde bula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi ve ikisinin aras\u0131nda karar veren yarg\u0131 mercii.<\/p>\n

Madde metni 25 Aral\u0131k 2025’te y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe giren 7571 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla de\u011fi\u015fti. Kurucu ve y\u00f6neticinin cezas\u0131 y\u00fckseltildi, \u00fcyelik cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7in oransal art\u0131r\u0131m sabitlendi. Su\u00e7 tarihi bu g\u00fcnden \u00f6nceyse TCK m. 7 uyar\u0131nca eski ve yeni h\u00fck\u00fcm kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r, failin lehine olan uygulan\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki aral\u0131klar y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki metne g\u00f6redir.<\/p>\n

\n

Bir bak\u0131\u015fta<\/p>\n

\n
Temel ceza<\/dt>\n
Kurucu ve y\u00f6netici i\u00e7in 5\u201310 y\u0131l, \u00f6rg\u00fct \u00fcyesi i\u00e7in 2\u20135 y\u0131l hapis<\/dd>\n
Asgari \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131<\/dt>\n
En az \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi<\/dd>\n
Soru\u015fturma<\/dt>\n
Resen yap\u0131l\u0131r, \u015fik\u00e2yet \u015fart\u0131 yoktur<\/dd>\n
Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00f6n\u00f6deme<\/dt>\n
Uygulanmaz<\/dd>\n
Dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131<\/dt>\n
Kurma ve y\u00f6netmede 15 y\u0131l, basit \u00fcyelikte 8 y\u0131l<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n
\nBu yaz\u0131da neler var?<\/summary>\n
    \n
  1. Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015flemek Amac\u0131yla \u00d6rg\u00fct Kurma Hangi Durumda Olu\u015fur?<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Kurucu, Y\u00f6netici, \u00dcye ve Yard\u0131m Eden: Cezalar Nas\u0131l Ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Silahl\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct, \u00c7ocuklar ve Y\u00f6neticinin Ayr\u0131 Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn Zarar Verdi\u011fi Ki\u015fi Hangi Ad\u0131mlar\u0131 Atabilir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u00d6rg\u00fct Dosyas\u0131nda Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma veya \u00d6n\u00f6deme Yolu A\u00e7\u0131k m\u0131?<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. \u00d6rg\u00fctten Ayr\u0131lmak \u0130steyen Ki\u015fi \u0130\u00e7in TCK 221 Ne \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr?<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015flemek Amac\u0131yla \u00d6rg\u00fct Kurma Dosyas\u0131nda Usul Nas\u0131l \u0130\u015fler?<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. Su\u00e7 Tarihi 2025 \u00d6ncesindeyse Hangi Ceza Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 Uygulan\u0131r?<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015flemek Amac\u0131yla \u00d6rg\u00fct Kurma Hakk\u0131nda Merak Edilenler<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n

    Su\u00e7 \u0130\u015flemek Amac\u0131yla \u00d6rg\u00fct Kurma Hangi Durumda Olu\u015fur?<\/h2>\n

    TCK 220\/1 bir toplulu\u011fun \u00f6rg\u00fct say\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fct koyar: yap\u0131, \u00fcye say\u0131s\u0131 ve ara\u00e7-gere\u00e7. Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctler birlikte tart\u0131l\u0131r ve sorulan soru \u015fudur: bu topluluk, ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u015flemeye elveri\u015fli mi? G\u00f6rev da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ortak kasas\u0131 ve arac\u0131 olan bir yap\u0131 ile bir ak\u015fam ayn\u0131 masada plan konu\u015fan \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirilmez.<\/p>\n

    \u00dcye say\u0131s\u0131nda alt s\u0131n\u0131r a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r; kanun \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in en az \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi arar ve bu say\u0131ya y\u00f6netici de dahildir. \u0130ki ki\u015finin birlikte su\u00e7 i\u015flemesi \u00f6rg\u00fct de\u011fil, olsa olsa birlikte faillik veya yard\u0131m etme meselesidir. Bu ayr\u0131m\u0131 su\u00e7a i\u015ftirak ve faillik<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca ele ald\u0131k.<\/p>\n

    Ama\u00e7 unsuru da belirleyicidir. Yap\u0131, tek bir fiili bir kez i\u015flemek i\u00e7in de\u011fil, kanunun su\u00e7 sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 fiilleri i\u015flemek maksad\u0131yla kurulmu\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Hangi t\u00fcr su\u00e7lar\u0131n hedeflendi\u011fi \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir; mala, ki\u015filere ya da kamu idaresine y\u00f6nelik su\u00e7lar bu amaca konu olabilir. Anayasal d\u00fczeni hedef alan silahl\u0131 yap\u0131lar ise TCK 314 kapsam\u0131nda ayr\u0131ca d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir; o su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in anayasal d\u00fczene kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7lar<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131na bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

    Diyelim ki d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi, ya\u015fl\u0131 vatanda\u015flar\u0131 telefonla aray\u0131p kendini kamu g\u00f6revlisi gibi tan\u0131tmak \u00fczere bir d\u00fczen kuruyor. Biri konu\u015fma metnini haz\u0131rl\u0131yor, ikisi arama yap\u0131yor, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc paralar\u0131 hesaplardan \u00e7ekiyor. Hen\u00fcz kimse aldat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsa da yap\u0131n\u0131n bu i\u015fe elveri\u015fli oldu\u011fu delillerle g\u00f6sterilirse TCK 220 g\u00fcndeme gelir. Arama yap\u0131l\u0131p para al\u0131nm\u0131\u015fsa, TCK 220\/4 gere\u011fi doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k ayr\u0131ca cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \"Su\u00e7
    Bir Topluluk Ne Zaman \u00d6rg\u00fct Say\u0131l\u0131r?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Kurucu, Y\u00f6netici, \u00dcye ve Yard\u0131m Eden: Cezalar Nas\u0131l Ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

    Kanun, \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7indeki rol\u00fc cezan\u0131n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc yapar. Yap\u0131y\u0131 kuran veya y\u00f6neten ile emir alan \u00fcye aras\u0131nda belirgin bir fark vard\u0131r; hiyerar\u015fiye hi\u00e7 girmeden d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan destek veren ki\u015fi de ayr\u0131ca d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tablo y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckteki aral\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6zetler.<\/p>\n

    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Rol veya durum<\/th>\nDayanak<\/th>\nYapt\u0131r\u0131m<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    Kurucu veya y\u00f6netici<\/td>\nTCK 220\/1<\/td>\n5\u201310 y\u0131l hapis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00d6rg\u00fct \u00fcyesi<\/td>\nTCK 220\/2<\/td>\n2\u20135 y\u0131l hapis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Hiyerar\u015fiye girmeden bilerek ve isteyerek yard\u0131m eden<\/td>\nTCK 220\/7<\/td>\n\u00dcye olarak cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; ceza yard\u0131m\u0131n niteli\u011fine g\u00f6re \u00fc\u00e7te birine kadar indirilebilir<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn silahl\u0131 olmas\u0131<\/td>\nTCK 220\/3<\/td>\nVerilecek ceza yar\u0131s\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u00c7ocuklar\u0131n ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/td>\nTCK 220\/5<\/td>\nY\u00f6neticilerin cezas\u0131 yar\u0131s\u0131ndan bir kat\u0131na kadar art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    \u015eiddet y\u00f6ntemlerini \u00f6ven propaganda<\/td>\nTCK 220\/8<\/td>\n1\u20133 y\u0131l hapis; bas\u0131n ve yay\u0131n yoluyla i\u015flenirse yar\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

    Tablodaki aral\u0131klar temel cezad\u0131r. H\u00e2kim TCK 61’deki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlere g\u00f6re bu aral\u0131kta bir ceza belirler, ard\u0131ndan art\u0131r\u0131m ve indirimleri s\u0131rayla uygular. Silahl\u0131 bir \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fcyesi i\u00e7in alt s\u0131n\u0131r iki y\u0131l\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 eklenerek \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131la, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r be\u015f y\u0131l\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 eklenerek yedi y\u0131l alt\u0131 aya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n

    Silahl\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fct, \u00c7ocuklar ve Y\u00f6neticinin Ayr\u0131 Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/h2>\n

    7571 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanundan \u00f6nce silahl\u0131 \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7in art\u0131r\u0131m “d\u00f6rtte birinden yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar” diye esnek tutulmu\u015ftu. Bug\u00fcn oran sabit: ceza yar\u0131s\u0131 oran\u0131nda art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, su\u00e7 tarihi 25 Aral\u0131k 2025’ten \u00f6nce olan dosyalarda lehe kanun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc eski metin h\u00e2kime daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir art\u0131r\u0131m imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n

    Ayn\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikle 220\/5’e yeni bir c\u00fcmle eklendi. \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda \u00e7ocuklar ara\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, \u00f6rg\u00fct y\u00f6neticilerinin cezas\u0131 yar\u0131s\u0131ndan bir kat\u0131na kadar art\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. F\u0131kran\u0131n \u00f6teden beri var olan ikinci c\u00fcmlesi ise y\u00f6neticileri, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn faaliyeti \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015flenen b\u00fct\u00fcn su\u00e7lardan ayr\u0131ca fail olarak sorumlu tutar.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rg\u00fcte \u00fcye olmadan \u00f6rg\u00fct ad\u0131na su\u00e7 i\u015fleyen ki\u015fiyi \u00fcye gibi cezaland\u0131ran 220\/6 h\u00fckm\u00fc, Anayasa Mahkemesinin 5\/11\/2024 tarihli, E. 2024\/81, K. 2024\/189 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131yla iptal edildi. Konsolide mevzuat metninde f\u0131kra bu kay\u0131tla bo\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. B\u00f6yle bir ki\u015finin durumu art\u0131k i\u015fledi\u011fi somut su\u00e7 ve varsa yard\u0131m etme h\u00fck\u00fcmleri \u00fczerinden de\u011ferlendirilir.<\/p>\n

    \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn Zarar Verdi\u011fi Ki\u015fi Hangi Ad\u0131mlar\u0131 Atabilir?<\/h2>\n

    \u00d6rg\u00fct su\u00e7unun korunan de\u011feri kamu bar\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn faaliyeti s\u0131ras\u0131nda doland\u0131r\u0131lan, tehdit edilen ya da mal\u0131 al\u0131nan ki\u015fi, o somut su\u00e7un ma\u011fdurudur. Onun elindeki hukuki ara\u00e7lar, \u00f6rg\u00fct dosyas\u0131na eklenen bu su\u00e7lar \u00fczerinden i\u015fler. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki s\u0131ra, da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir ba\u015fvurunun \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in pratik bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunar.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Ba\u015fvuru.<\/strong> Su\u00e7, Cumhuriyet ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na ya da kollu\u011fa yaz\u0131l\u0131 veya s\u00f6zl\u00fc olarak bildirilir (CMK 158). \u00d6rg\u00fct su\u00e7lar\u0131 resen soru\u015fturuldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ayr\u0131ca \u015fik\u00e2yet s\u00fcresi takip etmek gerekmez.<\/li>\n
    2. Delillerin korunmas\u0131.<\/strong> Mesaj yaz\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, banka dekontlar\u0131, arama kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ve kamera g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri silinmeden saklan\u0131r. Ekran g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yan\u0131nda cihaz\u0131n kendisini de muhafaza etmek, sonradan yap\u0131lacak incelemeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    3. Soru\u015fturmadaki haklar.<\/strong> CMK 234’e g\u00f6re ma\u011fdur delil toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir, gizlili\u011fi bozmamak kayd\u0131yla belge \u00f6rne\u011fi talep edebilir. Kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131na tebli\u011fden itibaren iki hafta i\u00e7inde sulh ceza h\u00e2kimli\u011fine itiraz edebilir (CMK 173).<\/li>\n
    4. Davaya kat\u0131lma.<\/strong> \u0130ddianame kabul edildikten sonra, h\u00fck\u00fcm verilinceye kadar kamu davas\u0131na kat\u0131lma talep edilir (CMK 237). Kat\u0131lan s\u0131fat\u0131, h\u00fckme kar\u015f\u0131 kanun yollar\u0131na ba\u015fvurma imk\u00e2n\u0131 verir.<\/li>\n
    5. Zarar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131.<\/strong> Maddi ve manevi zarar i\u00e7in tazminat talebi hukuk yarg\u0131s\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ceza dosyas\u0131ndaki bilirki\u015fi raporlar\u0131 ve tespitler bu davada da delil olarak kullan\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n

      Pratikte:<\/strong> Ayn\u0131 yap\u0131dan zarar g\u00f6ren \u00e7ok say\u0131da ki\u015fi farkl\u0131 illerde ba\u015fvuru yapm\u0131\u015f olabilir. Kendi ba\u015fvurunuzun soru\u015fturma numaras\u0131n\u0131 ve hangi ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131kta y\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc not edin; dosyalar birle\u015ftirilirse takip bu numara \u00fczerinden kolayla\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Karar vermeden \u00f6nce:<\/strong> Bu t\u00fcr dosyalarda, \u00f6zellikle \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma su\u00e7u ile ilgili s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde, at\u0131lan tek bir yanl\u0131\u015f ad\u0131m s\u00fcre kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. \u0130fade vermeden, bir teklifi kabul etmeden ya da bir karar\u0131 itirazs\u0131z b\u0131rakmadan \u00f6nce belgelerinizi bir avukatla g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmek size uygun se\u00e7ene\u011fi netle\u015ftirir. Bize ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in b\u00fcronun ileti\u015fim bilgileri<\/a> yeterlidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \u00d6rg\u00fct Dosyas\u0131nda Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma veya \u00d6n\u00f6deme Yolu A\u00e7\u0131k m\u0131?<\/h2>\n

      TCK 220’deki fiiller i\u00e7in bu iki yol kapal\u0131d\u0131r. Su\u00e7 \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131 de\u011fildir ve CMK 253’teki uzla\u015ft\u0131rma listesinde yer almaz. \u00d6n\u00f6deme ise TCK 75 gere\u011fi yaln\u0131zca adli para cezas\u0131 gerektiren ya da hapis cezas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 alt\u0131 ay\u0131 a\u015fmayan su\u00e7larda uygulan\u0131r; \u00f6rg\u00fct su\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n cezas\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fczerindedir.<\/p>\n

      \u00d6rg\u00fct \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in durum farkl\u0131 olabilir. Basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k (TCK 157) uzla\u015ft\u0131rma listesindedir, nitelikli doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k (TCK 158) de\u011fildir. CMK 253\/3 ayr\u0131ca, uzla\u015ft\u0131rmaya tabi bir su\u00e7un kapsam d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir su\u00e7la birlikte ayn\u0131 ma\u011fdura kar\u015f\u0131 i\u015flendi\u011fi durumda uzla\u015fmay\u0131 d\u0131\u015flar. Hangi fiilin uzla\u015ft\u0131rma b\u00fcrosuna gidece\u011fi, savc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n nitelendirmesine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; genel kurallar i\u00e7in ceza davalar\u0131nda uzla\u015fma<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131 yol g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Dikkat:<\/strong> Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma teklifi yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda taraflar yedi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde karar bildirmezse teklif reddedilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r (CMK 253\/4). Ma\u011fdurlar\u0131n birden fazla oldu\u011fu bir su\u00e7ta uzla\u015fma i\u00e7in hepsinin kabul\u00fc gerekir (CMK 253\/7). Teklifin kabul\u00fc, delil toplanmas\u0131na ve koruma tedbirlerine engel olu\u015fturmaz (CMK 253\/8).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      \u00d6rg\u00fctten Ayr\u0131lmak \u0130steyen Ki\u015fi \u0130\u00e7in TCK 221 Ne \u00d6ng\u00f6r\u00fcr?<\/h2>\n

      TCK 221, \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ya da de\u015fifre edilmesini te\u015fvik etmek i\u00e7in kademeli bir etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k sistemi kurar. Hangi kademeden yararlan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131, ki\u015finin rol\u00fcne, su\u00e7a kat\u0131l\u0131p kat\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve bilgiyi yakalanmadan \u00f6nce mi sonra m\u0131 verdi\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n