{"id":578,"date":"2023-08-21T11:11:24","date_gmt":"2023-08-21T11:11:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gulsahmutlu.av.tr\/?p=578"},"modified":"2026-10-01T10:04:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T07:04:52","slug":"suca-tesebbus-ve-gonullu-vazgecme-hallerinde-suc-ve-cezalari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gulsahmutlu.av.tr\/index.php\/2023\/08\/21\/suca-tesebbus-ve-gonullu-vazgecme-hallerinde-suc-ve-cezalari\/","title":{"rendered":"Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me (TCK 35, 36, 41): Ceza Nas\u0131l Belirlenir, Ma\u011fdur Ne Yapabilir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

G\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irme:

Kap\u0131s\u0131 zorlan\u0131p i\u00e7eri girilemeyen bir evin sahibinin sorusu, su\u00e7a te\u015febb\u00fcs ve g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinin tam ortas\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fer: hi\u00e7bir \u015fey al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re ortada bir su\u00e7 var m\u0131? Cevap \u00e7o\u011fu durumda evettir; ceza hukuku, tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f su\u00e7u da cezaland\u0131r\u0131r. Ancak failin son anda kendi iradesiyle geri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi durumlar i\u00e7in kanun ayr\u0131 bir kap\u0131 a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131da iki kurumu birlikte ele al\u0131yoruz. \u00d6nce te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn nerede ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve cezan\u0131n nas\u0131l belirlendi\u011fini, sonra g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7menin \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 ve su\u00e7 ortaklar\u0131na etkisini anlat\u0131yoruz. Son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, te\u015febb\u00fcs a\u015famas\u0131nda kalan bir su\u00e7un ma\u011fdurunun hangi yollara ba\u015fvurabilece\u011fini ve uzla\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

\n

Bir bak\u0131\u015fta<\/p>\n

\n
Te\u015febb\u00fcste indirim<\/dt>\n
Cezan\u0131n d\u00f6rtte birinden d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcne kadar (TCK 35\/2)<\/dd>\n
\u00d6ld\u00fcrmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs<\/dt>\n
14\u201321 y\u0131l veya 10\u201318 y\u0131l hapis (7550 sonras\u0131)<\/dd>\n
G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me<\/dt>\n
Te\u015febb\u00fcsten ceza verilmez; tamamlanan k\u0131s\u0131m ayr\u0131 su\u00e7sa o ceza uygulan\u0131r<\/dd>\n
Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131<\/dt>\n
Son hareketin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn (TCK 66\/6)<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n<\/div>\n
\nBu yaz\u0131da neler var?<\/summary>\n
    \n
  1. Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Neyi D\u00fczenler?<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. Haz\u0131rl\u0131k Hareketi ile \u0130cra Hareketi Aras\u0131ndaki \u00c7izgi Nerede?<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. Te\u015febb\u00fcste Ceza Nas\u0131l Belirlenir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Hangi \u015eartlarla Cezay\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131r?<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. Su\u00e7 Ortaklar\u0131ndan Biri Vazge\u00e7erse Di\u011ferleri Ne Olur?<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. Te\u015febb\u00fcs A\u015famas\u0131nda Kalan Su\u00e7un Ma\u011fduru Ne Yapabilir?<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me, Etkin Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve Uzla\u015fma Nas\u0131l Ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Dosyalar\u0131nda Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve Usul<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Hakk\u0131nda Merak Edilenler<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/details>\n

    Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Neyi D\u00fczenler?<\/h2>\n

    TCK 35\/1 te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fc d\u00f6rt unsura ba\u011flar. Ki\u015fi belirli bir su\u00e7u i\u015flemeyi kastetmi\u015f olmal\u0131; bu kas\u0131tla elveri\u015fli hareketlere ba\u015fvurmal\u0131; bu hareketlerle su\u00e7un icras\u0131na do\u011frudan do\u011fruya ba\u015flamal\u0131 ve su\u00e7u elinde olmayan nedenlerle tamamlayamamal\u0131d\u0131r. Unsurlardan biri eksikse ya hi\u00e7 ceza sorumlulu\u011fu do\u011fmaz ya da durum ba\u015fka bir kurumla a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Kast \u015fart\u0131, te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015ftan \u00e7izer. Kanun “i\u015flemeyi kastetti\u011fi bir su\u00e7” dedi\u011fi i\u00e7in taksirle, yani dikkatsizlikle i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda te\u015febb\u00fcsten s\u00f6z edilmez. Bir s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn dikkatsizce k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131kta ge\u00e7ip kimseye \u00e7arpmamas\u0131, taksirle yaralamaya te\u015febb\u00fcs de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n

    Elveri\u015flilik \u015fart\u0131 ise hareketin, se\u00e7ilen y\u00f6ntemle o su\u00e7u ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorar. Kilit a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek bir alet kullanan ki\u015fi ile kap\u0131y\u0131 bir t\u00fcy kalemle a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilmez. TCK 36 ise te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcn bir istisnas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler: fail, bu yolda ilerlerken kendi iradesiyle durursa te\u015febb\u00fcsten cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n

    Haz\u0131rl\u0131k Hareketi ile \u0130cra Hareketi Aras\u0131ndaki \u00c7izgi Nerede?<\/h2>\n

    Su\u00e7un haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kural olarak cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaz; ceza sorumlulu\u011fu icra hareketiyle ba\u015flar. Bir levye sat\u0131n almak, bir evin giri\u015f saatlerini g\u00f6zlemek veya yol haritas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karmak haz\u0131rl\u0131k niteli\u011findedir. Kap\u0131n\u0131n kilidini zorlamaya ba\u015flamak ise art\u0131k su\u00e7un icras\u0131na do\u011frudan ba\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterebilir. Bu ayr\u0131m, somut olayda failin plan\u0131 ve hareketin su\u00e7a ne kadar yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Baz\u0131 haz\u0131rl\u0131k hareketleri ise kanunda ayr\u0131 bir su\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sahte para basmaya yarayan ara\u00e7lar\u0131 izinsiz edinmek (TCK 200) veya su\u00e7 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fct kurmak (TCK 220) bunlara \u00f6rnektir. Bu durumda ki\u015fi, as\u0131l su\u00e7a te\u015febb\u00fcs etmemi\u015f olsa bile haz\u0131rl\u0131k niteli\u011findeki fiil i\u00e7in cezaland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rg\u00fct h\u00fck\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in su\u00e7 i\u015flemek amac\u0131yla \u00f6rg\u00fct kurma<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131na bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

    \"Su\u00e7a
    Te\u015febb\u00fcs \u0130\u00e7in D\u00f6rt \u015eart (TCK 35\/1)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Te\u015febb\u00fcste Ceza Nas\u0131l Belirlenir?<\/h2>\n

    H\u00e2kim \u00f6nce su\u00e7 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 verilecek cezay\u0131 belirler, ard\u0131ndan te\u015febb\u00fcs indirimini uygular. \u0130ndirimin miktar\u0131 keyf\u00ee de\u011fildir: TCK 35\/2, meydana gelen zarar veya tehlikenin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ister. Kurban\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r yaraland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs ile hi\u00e7 temas ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyen bir te\u015febb\u00fcs, bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcte g\u00f6re farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar do\u011furur.<\/p>\n

    \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    Tamamlanm\u0131\u015f su\u00e7un cezas\u0131<\/th>\nTe\u015febb\u00fcste ceza (4.6.2025 sonras\u0131)<\/th>\n\u00d6nceki metin<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    A\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f m\u00fcebbet hapis<\/td>\n14\u201321 y\u0131l hapis<\/td>\n13\u201320 y\u0131l hapis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    M\u00fcebbet hapis<\/td>\n10\u201318 y\u0131l hapis<\/td>\n9\u201315 y\u0131l hapis<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    S\u00fcreli hapis veya adli para cezas\u0131<\/td>\nD\u00f6rtte birden d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7e kadar indirim<\/td>\nAyn\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

    7550 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun 4 Haziran 2025’te bu aral\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fckseltti. Fiil bu tarihten \u00f6nce i\u015flenmi\u015fse TCK m. 7 gere\u011fi eski ve yeni metin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; \u00f6nceki aral\u0131klar daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan kural olarak onlar uygulan\u0131r. S\u00fcreli cezalar i\u00e7in bir \u00f6rnek verelim: basit h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kta h\u00e2kim temel cezay\u0131 bir y\u0131l belirlerse, d\u00f6rtte bir indirimle dokuz ay, d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7 indirimle \u00fc\u00e7 ay hapis sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Hangi \u015eartlarla Cezay\u0131 Kald\u0131r\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

    TCK 36 iki durumu d\u00fczenler. \u0130lki, failin icra hareketlerini tamamlamadan kendi iste\u011fiyle b\u0131rakmas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130kincisi, b\u00fct\u00fcn icra hareketlerini yapm\u0131\u015f olsa bile kendi \u00e7abas\u0131yla su\u00e7un tamamlanmas\u0131n\u0131 veya neticenin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesini \u00f6nlemesidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin zehir verdi\u011fi ki\u015fiyi hemen hastaneye yeti\u015ftirip \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc engelleyen ki\u015fi ikinci gruba girer.<\/p>\n

    Her iki durumda da sonu\u00e7 ayn\u0131d\u0131r: fail te\u015febb\u00fcsten dolay\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmaz. Ancak o ana kadar yapt\u0131klar\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir su\u00e7 olu\u015fturuyorsa, yaln\u0131zca o su\u00e7un cezas\u0131 verilir. Evin cam\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131r\u0131p i\u00e7eri girmekten son anda vazge\u00e7en ki\u015fi h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa te\u015febb\u00fcsten sorumlu tutulmaz; ama k\u0131r\u0131lan cam i\u00e7in mala zarar verme su\u00e7u (TCK 151) g\u00fcndeme gelir. Bu su\u00e7 d\u00f6rt aydan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131la kadar hapis veya adli para cezas\u0131 gerektirir ve normalde \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r; h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k amac\u0131yla i\u015flendi\u011finde ise TCK 142\/4 \u015fik\u00e2yet \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Belirleyici kavram g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Failin kendi iradesiyle mi durdu\u011fu, yoksa yakalanma riskini art\u0131ran d\u0131\u015f bir engel nedeniyle mi geri \u00e7ekildi\u011fi sorulur. Kanun g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ayr\u0131ca tan\u0131mlamad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan bu de\u011ferlendirme olay\u0131n ko\u015fullar\u0131na, failin beyan\u0131na ve tan\u0131k anlat\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n

    Dikkat:<\/strong> G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me, su\u00e7 tamamlanmadan \u00f6nce i\u015fleyen bir kurumdur. Su\u00e7 bir kez tamamland\u0131ktan sonra zarar\u0131 gidermek vazge\u00e7me de\u011fil, ancak kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fse etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k olarak de\u011ferlendirilir. Bu ayr\u0131m, \u00f6zellikle malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 su\u00e7larda cezan\u0131n ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde indirilece\u011fini do\u011frudan etkiler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    \n

    S\u00fcrece yeni dahil olduysan\u0131z:<\/strong> Taraflardan biri olarak su\u00e7a te\u015febb\u00fcs ile ilgili bir dosyan\u0131n i\u00e7indeyseniz, haklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 zaman\u0131nda kullanman\u0131n yolu erken bilgi almakt\u0131r. \u0130lk g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmede dosyan\u0131n hangi a\u015famada oldu\u011funu ve \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fczdeki s\u00fcreleri birlikte \u00e7\u0131karabiliriz; b\u00fcronun ileti\u015fim bilgileri<\/a> sayfada.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

    Su\u00e7 Ortaklar\u0131ndan Biri Vazge\u00e7erse Di\u011ferleri Ne Olur?<\/h2>\n

    \u0130\u015ftirak h\u00e2linde i\u015flenen su\u00e7larda g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me ki\u015fiseldir. TCK 41\/1’e g\u00f6re bu h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden yaln\u0131zca vazge\u00e7en ortak yararlan\u0131r; di\u011ferleri te\u015febb\u00fcsten sorumlu kal\u0131r. Bir orta\u011f\u0131n vazge\u00e7mesi, plan\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcren di\u011fer ortaklar\u0131 korumaz. Bu nedenle her ortak i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7menin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    Kanun vazge\u00e7en orta\u011f\u0131 iki durumda daha korur. Su\u00e7, vazge\u00e7enin gayreti d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir sebeple i\u015flenmemi\u015fse veya vazge\u00e7enin b\u00fct\u00fcn gayretine ra\u011fmen i\u015flenmi\u015fse de vazge\u00e7me h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ona uygulan\u0131r (TCK 41\/2). \u00d6rne\u011fin ortaklar\u0131n\u0131 polise bildirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ama bunu ba\u015faramayan ki\u015fi, su\u00e7 i\u015flendi\u011fi h\u00e2lde vazge\u00e7meden yararlanabilir.<\/p>\n

    Ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 bir kural daha vard\u0131r: su\u00e7a i\u015ftirakten sorumlu tutulabilmek i\u00e7in ilgili su\u00e7un en az\u0131ndan te\u015febb\u00fcs a\u015famas\u0131na varm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 gerekir (TCK 40\/3). Hi\u00e7 icraya ba\u015flanmam\u0131\u015f bir plan i\u00e7in azmettiren veya yard\u0131m eden sorumlulu\u011fu do\u011fmaz. Ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar i\u00e7in su\u00e7a i\u015ftirak<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

    \"7550
    7550 \u00d6ncesi ve Sonras\u0131 Te\u015febb\u00fcs Cezalar\u0131<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

    Te\u015febb\u00fcs A\u015famas\u0131nda Kalan Su\u00e7un Ma\u011fduru Ne Yapabilir?<\/h2>\n

    Su\u00e7 tamamlanmam\u0131\u015f olsa da ma\u011fdurun haklar\u0131 devam eder. \u015eik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131 su\u00e7larda \u015fik\u00e2yet, fiilin ve failin \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fi g\u00fcnden itibaren alt\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r (TCK 73). Resen soru\u015fturulan su\u00e7larda ise ihbar yeterlidir (CMK 158). A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki s\u0131ra, kap\u0131s\u0131 zorlanan ev sahibi \u00f6rne\u011fi \u00fczerinden kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Olay yerini koruyun.<\/strong> Zorlanan kilidi, k\u0131r\u0131lan cam\u0131 ve iz b\u0131rakabilecek y\u00fczeyleri kolluk gelmeden de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyin veya temizlemeyin.<\/li>\n
    2. Kay\u0131tlar\u0131 toplay\u0131n.<\/strong> Bina ve sokak kameralar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede silinebilir; y\u00f6neticiden veya i\u015fletmeden kay\u0131tlar\u0131n saklanmas\u0131n\u0131 hemen isteyin.<\/li>\n
    3. Ba\u015fvurun.<\/strong> Kollu\u011fa veya savc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ba\u015fvurun; \u015fik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131 bir su\u00e7 s\u00f6z konusu olabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in \u015fik\u00e2yet\u00e7i oldu\u011funuzu tutana\u011fa a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ge\u00e7irtin.<\/li>\n
    4. Zarar\u0131 belgeleyin.<\/strong> Kilit ve cam onar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n faturalar\u0131, ileride uzla\u015ft\u0131rmada veya tazminat davas\u0131nda talep edilecek miktar\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
    5. Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma teklifini de\u011ferlendirin.<\/strong> Su\u00e7 uzla\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131ndaysa teklife yedi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde cevap verin; cevap verilmezse teklif reddedilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r (CMK 253\/4).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Uzla\u015ft\u0131rma listesi su\u00e7 tiplerine g\u00f6re yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Basit h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k (TCK 141), kasten yaralaman\u0131n baz\u0131 h\u00e2lleri, tehdidin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131, konut dokunulmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ihlali ve basit doland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k bu listededir; bu su\u00e7lar\u0131n te\u015febb\u00fcs a\u015famas\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 listeden \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7maz. Nitelikli h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k (TCK 142) ise listede yer almaz. Evden h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k giri\u015fimi bina i\u00e7inde muhafaza alt\u0131ndaki e\u015fyaya y\u00f6nelmi\u015fse ya da kilit bir aletle a\u00e7\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa TCK 142\/2 kapsam\u0131na girer; bu durumda uzla\u015ft\u0131rma yolu kapal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7in ceza davalar\u0131nda uzla\u015fma<\/a> yaz\u0131s\u0131na ve alternatif uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/a> sayfam\u0131za bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Pratikte:<\/strong> Uzla\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131rsa, uzla\u015fma an\u0131nda tespit edilemeyen veya sonradan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan zararlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ayn\u0131 su\u00e7 i\u00e7in tazminat davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lamaz; a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dava varsa feragat edilmi\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r (CMK 253\/19). Bu nedenle uzla\u015fma belgesini imzalamadan \u00f6nce b\u00fct\u00fcn zarar kalemlerini hesaplay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

      G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me, Etkin Pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve Uzla\u015fma Nas\u0131l Ayr\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

      Bu \u00fc\u00e7 kurum s\u0131k kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc de failin sonradan g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi davran\u0131\u015fa sonu\u00e7 ba\u011flar. Aralar\u0131ndaki fark, hangi a\u015famada devreye girdikleri ve ne t\u00fcr bir sonu\u00e7 do\u011furduklar\u0131 \u00fczerindedir. Tabloya kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma amac\u0131yla takdiri indirim de eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

      \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Kurum<\/th>\nNe zaman<\/th>\nSonu\u00e7<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me (TCK 36)<\/td>\nSu\u00e7 tamamlanmadan veya netice ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeden<\/td>\nTe\u015febb\u00fcsten ceza yok; tamamlanan k\u0131s\u0131m ayr\u0131 su\u00e7sa onun cezas\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k, malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7lar\u0131nda (TCK 168)<\/td>\nSu\u00e7 tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, zarar\u0131n tamamen giderilmesiyle<\/td>\nKovu\u015fturmadan \u00f6nce \u00fc\u00e7te ikiye, sonra h\u00fck\u00fcmden \u00f6nce yar\u0131ya kadar indirim<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Uzla\u015fma (CMK 253)<\/td>\nUzla\u015ft\u0131rma kapsam\u0131ndaki su\u00e7larda, taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131yla<\/td>\nEdim hemen yerine getirilirse kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 karar\u0131<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Takdiri indirim (TCK 62)<\/td>\nYarg\u0131lama sonunda<\/td>\nCezada alt\u0131da bire kadar indirim<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

      Etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k, her su\u00e7 i\u00e7in de\u011fil yaln\u0131zca kanunun \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc su\u00e7lar i\u00e7in vard\u0131r. Ma\u011fdur a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan en belirgin fark \u015fudur: g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7mede zarar \u00e7o\u011fu zaman s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kal\u0131r, etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131k ve uzla\u015fmada ise failin zarar\u0131 gidermesi kurumun merkezindedir. K\u0131smi iade veya tazminde etkin pi\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ma\u011fdurun r\u0131zas\u0131 da aran\u0131r (TCK 168\/4).<\/p>\n

      Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Dosyalar\u0131nda Zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve Usul<\/h2>\n

      Te\u015febb\u00fcs a\u015famas\u0131nda kalan su\u00e7larda dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131, son icra hareketinin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnden itibaren i\u015flemeye ba\u015flar (TCK 66\/6). Tamamlanm\u0131\u015f su\u00e7larda ise ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 su\u00e7un i\u015flendi\u011fi g\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu fark, \u00f6zellikle zamana yay\u0131lan haz\u0131rl\u0131k ve icra hareketlerinde ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihinin do\u011fru tespitini gerektirir.<\/p>\n

      G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me iddias\u0131 genellikle savunman\u0131n ilk a\u015famas\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar ve dosyadaki kamera kay\u0131tlar\u0131, tan\u0131k beyanlar\u0131 ve failin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n zamanlamas\u0131yla s\u0131nan\u0131r. Su\u00e7 tarihine g\u00f6re lehe kanun kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 (TCK m. 7), 7550 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla art\u0131r\u0131lan te\u015febb\u00fcs cezalar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir. Dosyan\u0131za \u00f6zg\u00fc de\u011ferlendirme i\u00e7in ceza hukuku hizmetlerimiz<\/a> sayfas\u0131na g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

      \"Te\u015febb\u00fcs
      Kap\u0131s\u0131 Zorlanan Ev Sahibi \u0130\u00e7in Ad\u0131mlar<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

      Su\u00e7a Te\u015febb\u00fcs ve G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc Vazge\u00e7me Hakk\u0131nda Merak Edilenler<\/h2>\n
      \n
      \nTe\u015febb\u00fcs indirimi hangi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcye g\u00f6re belirlenir?<\/summary>\n

      TCK 35\/2’ye g\u00f6re meydana gelen zarar veya tehlikenin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re. Ma\u011fdura yakla\u015f\u0131lan mesafe, kullan\u0131lan arac\u0131n tehlikelili\u011fi ve neticeye ne kadar yakla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu de\u011ferlendirmede dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r. Tehlike ne kadar b\u00fcy\u00fckse indirim o kadar az olur ve d\u00f6rtte bire yakla\u015f\u0131r. Se\u00e7ilen oran\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131, olay\u0131n somut ko\u015fullar\u0131yla birlikte a\u00e7\u0131klan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nVazge\u00e7en fail ma\u011fdurun zarar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6demek zorunda m\u0131?<\/summary>\n

      G\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me yaln\u0131zca te\u015febb\u00fcsten do\u011fan ceza sorumlulu\u011funu kald\u0131r\u0131r. K\u0131r\u0131lan kap\u0131 veya cam gibi somut zararlar i\u00e7in hukuki sorumluluk ayr\u0131ca de\u011ferlendirilir ve tazminat talebi hukuk yarg\u0131s\u0131nda ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. Tamamlanan k\u0131s\u0131m ayr\u0131 bir su\u00e7sa, o su\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ceza sorumlulu\u011fu da devam eder.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nTe\u015febb\u00fcste kalan h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kta uzla\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131l\u0131r m\u0131?<\/summary>\n

      Basit h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131kta (TCK 141) evet; su\u00e7 tipi CMK 253 listesindedir ve te\u015febb\u00fcs a\u015famas\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 bunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmez. Bina i\u00e7inde muhafaza alt\u0131ndaki e\u015fyaya y\u00f6nelen ya da kilidin aletle a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k gibi TCK 142’deki nitelikli h\u00e2llerde ise uzla\u015ft\u0131rma uygulanmaz. Nitelendirmeyi savc\u0131l\u0131k yapar. Uzla\u015fma sa\u011flan\u0131r ve edim hemen yerine getirilirse kovu\u015fturmaya yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verilir (CMK 253\/19).<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nSu\u00e7 orta\u011f\u0131 vazge\u00e7ti\u011fi h\u00e2lde su\u00e7 i\u015flenirse ne olur?<\/summary>\n

      TCK 41\/2 bu ihtimali d\u00fczenler. Vazge\u00e7en ortak, su\u00e7un i\u015flenmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn gayreti g\u00f6stermi\u015f ama ba\u015faramam\u0131\u015fsa, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc vazge\u00e7me h\u00fck\u00fcmlerinden yine yararlan\u0131r. Su\u00e7u i\u015flemeye devam eden di\u011fer ortaklar ise tamamlanan su\u00e7tan sorumlu olur. Vazge\u00e7enin g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u00e7aban\u0131n somut delillerle ortaya konmas\u0131, bu h\u00fckm\u00fcn uygulanmas\u0131nda belirleyicidir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

      \nTe\u015febb\u00fcs h\u00e2lindeki su\u00e7 i\u00e7in \u015fik\u00e2yet s\u00fcresi ne zaman ba\u015flar?<\/summary>\n

      \u015eik\u00e2yete ba\u011fl\u0131 su\u00e7larda s\u00fcre alt\u0131 ayd\u0131r ve \u015fik\u00e2yet hakk\u0131 olan ki\u015finin fiili ve failin kim oldu\u011funu \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi g\u00fcnden ba\u015flar (TCK 73). Fail hen\u00fcz tespit edilmemi\u015fse s\u00fcre i\u015flemeye ba\u015flamaz; ancak dava zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131 s\u00fcresi a\u015f\u0131lamaz. Birden fazla hak sahibi varsa, birinin s\u00fcreyi ka\u00e7\u0131rmas\u0131 di\u011ferlerinin hakk\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmez.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/div>\n

      \n

      Dayanak mevzuat<\/p>\n